The region achieved statehood after a prolonged struggle and is known for its unique culture, dialect, cuisines and other aspects. Constituting a major part of theDeccan plateau, Telangana has a pleasing climate, with abundant natural and water resources. The state is the gateway to the Krishna and Godavari rivers in South India and is considered the “seed capital of India”. The other districts of Telangana, namely Adilabad, Nizamabad, Warangal, Khammam, Karimnagar, Nalgonda, Medak, Rangareddy and Mahabubnagar, represent the rural diversity and exquisite richness of Telangana. One of the wealthy economies in India, Telangana has taken its rightful place in the country as a highly developed state and society, with a proud history and grand heritage.
Culture
“South of North and North of South”, Telangana has long been a meeting place for diverse languages and cultures. It is easily the best example for India’s composite culture, pluralism and inclusiveness. Located on the uplands of the Deccan plateau, Telangana is the link between the North and South of India. It is thus no surprise that the region, on the whole, came to be known for its Ganga-Jamuna Tehzeeb and the capital Hyderabad as a “miniature India”!
Geography, polity and economy of the region determined the culture of Telangana. Satavahanas, the earliest known rulers of the region, sowed the seeds of independent and self-sufficient village economy, the relics of which can be felt even today. In the medieval times, the Kakatiya dynasty’s rule, between the 11th and 14th centuries, with Warangal as their capital, and subsequently the Qutub Shahis and Asafjahis, who ruled the Hyderabad state, defined the culture of the region.
Art forms
Some classical art forms received the royal patronage and attained finesse. However, the art forms of the innumerable communities spread across the length and breadth of the state give Telangana its distinct identity.
While the Kakatiya rule led to evolution of dance forms such as Perini Sivatandavam, also known as “dance of warriors”, the commoners, faced with the challenges of daily life, developed traditions of story-telling coupled with solutions to tide over them through Golla Suddulu, Oggu Kathalu and Gotralu etc. Several art forms like the above mingled and new forms emerged. The ubiquitous “Dhoom Dham” is one such evolved and composite art form. They generally were about the struggle and exploitation. People adopted the old sensibilities of theatre and art changing the content as per the case and place. A variant of Yakshagana, Chindu Bhagavatham is performed widely across Telangana. It is a theatre art form that combines dance, music, dialogue, costume, make-up, and stage techniques with a unique style and form. The word “Chindu” in Telugu means “jump”. As their presentation is interspersed with leaps and jumps, it gained the name of Chindu Bhagavatam. Most of the stories narrated are from “Bhagavatam”.
Qawali, Ghazals and Mushairas evolved under the patronage of Qutub Shahi and the Asafjahi rulers in and around the capital city of Hyderabad.
Festivals
Hindu festivals like Ugadi, Srirama Navami, Bonalu, Vinayaka Chaturthi, Dasara, Deepavali, Sankranti, Holi, Mahashivaratri are celebrated with pomp, gaiety and devotion. Dasara is the main festival with the epithet “pedda panduga”. Bathukamma, a part of Dasara festivities, is unique to Telangana. This colourful festival has historic, ecological, societal and religious significance. Women clad in glittering costumes and jewellery carry beautifully stacked Bathukammas with flowers like Tangedu, Gunugu, Chamanti and others to the village or street’s meeting point. Bonalu is a Hindu festival, celebrated during the Telugu month of Ashadam (translates to June/July of Gregorian calendar) wherein Goddess Mahakali is worshiped. The festival is also considered a thanksgiving to the Goddess for fulfilling the desires of devotees.
As part of the festival, Bojanam or Meal, is offered to the presiding Mother Goddess. Women prepare rice cooked with milk, jaggery in a brass or earthen pot adorned with neem leaves, turmeric, vermilion, putting a lighted diya on top of the ghattam.
An important part of the festival is Rangam (prophecy). Women standing atop of an earthen pot “invoke” goddess Mahankali onto her and turns an Oracle.
Next is ghattam. A copper pot is decorated in the form of Mother Goddess. The ghattam is carried by a priest and is taken in procession accompanied by “Pothurajus” and musical instruments like trumpets and drums for the immersion. While Ramzan is the main festival of Muslims, Moharram, too, is celebrated on a large scale in Telangana. It is known famously as “peerla panduga”. Chirstians, mainly in and around Hyderabad, celebrate Christmas and Good Friday with great fervour and religiosity.
Arts and Crafts
Telangana is a great place for arts and crafts with many astounding handicrafts.
Bidri Craft
The unique art of silver engraved on metal. Black, gold and silver coatings are applied on this. It involves various several stages like casting, engraving, inlaying and oxidizing.
Banjara Needle Crafts
Banjara Needle Crafts are the traditional handmade fabrics made by Banjaras (the tribal Gypsies) in Telangana. It is a form of embroidery and mirror work on fabrics employing the needlecraft.
Dokra Metal Crafts
Dhokra or Dokra is also known as bell metal craft and is widely seen in Jainoor Mandal, Ushegaon and Chittalbori in Adilabad district. The tribal craft produces objects like figurines, tribal gods, etc.
Nirmal Arts
The renowned Nirmal oil paintings use natural dyes for depicting themes from the epics such as Ramayana and Mahabharata. Also, the wood paintings and other wooden articles, has great aesthetic expression.
Bronze Castings
Telangana is famous world-wide for its amazing bronze castings. While using solid casting of icons, the mould is created using several coatings of different clays on a finished wax model. This process then imparts fine curves to the cast image.
Medical Tourism
Competitive pricing, air connectivity and quality healthcare are turning Hyderabad into a major hub for medical tourism in the country.
On an average, every month about 1,000 foreign nationals visit the city on medical tourism. People from African countries such as Tanzania, Somalia, Nigeria, Middle East, CIS and South East Asia come to Hyderabad for complex heart surgeries, joint replacements, brain and spine surgery using robots, bone marrow transplants, cancer treatment, bariatric surgery, and preventive health checks. In Hyderabad, the number of medical tourists is growing between 20-30% annually.